Chapter Highlights

This chapter summary provides the reader with a concise overview by synthesising the key points related to STEM education and environmental sustainability.

• Essential Components of STEM Education – STEM education integrates science, technology, engineering, and mathematics in an interdisciplinary manner.
• Environmental Sustainability Context – STEM education plays a critical role in developing solutions to environmental challenges such as climate change, biodiversity loss, and resource depletion.
• Impact on Learning Outcomes – STEM-based sustainability projects enhance students’ academic achievement, environmental awareness, problem-solving abilities, and critical thinking skills.
• Pedagogical and Applied Approaches – Instructional methods such as project-based learning, the maker movement, nature-based learning, and outdoor laboratories are effectively integrated within STEM and sustainability education.
• Future Directions and Recommendations – Emphasises the integration of emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence, big data, and the Internet of Things (IoT), alongside curriculum reforms, teacher professional development, and the dissemination of school-based sustainability practices.